An unexpected consequence of racial barriers falling in football is
that it has become increasingly difficult to decide which team to
support. If different teams had won in the final round of the NFL
playoffs, two African-American quarterbacks would be competing against
each other in Super Bowl XXVI next Sunday: Donovan McNabb of the
Philadelphia Eagles and Kordell Stewart of the Pittsburgh Steelers. And
deciding which one to root for wouldn’t be easy. As an aspiring
quarterback at Druid High School in Tuscaloosa, Ala., during the early
1960s, it was an easy choice: I always pulled for the team that had the
Black quarterback. Major universities in the South, including the
University of Alabama in my hometown, were all-White, so I looked North
for role models who looked like me. The first African-American
quarterback to capture my attention was Sandy Stephens of the
University of Minnesota. He became the first Black All-American
quarterback in 1961 and I saw him every chance I got. But Stephens,
like most Black quarterbacks of his era, had to go even farther north,
to the Canadian Football League, to get a chance to play quarterback in
the pros. It was a path that Warren Moon would later take before
getting an opportunity in the National Football League. The first
Black QB to play in the NFL was Willie Thrower, who appeared in a 1953
game when I was only six years old. The first Black quarterback I
remember seeing play in the pros was Marlin Briscoe of the Denver
Broncos, then a member of the old American Football League. That was in
1968 and by the next year Briscoe had been converted to a wide
receiver, first for the Buffalo Bills and later the Miami Dolphins. I
also remember when James Harris, a product of Grambling, started for
the Rams when they were in Los Angeles in 1974 and ’75; he won Most
Valuable Player honors in the 1975 Pro Bowl. But Ron Jaworski and Pat
Haden were promoted ahead of Harris and that was the end of his days as
a starter. Joe “Jefferson Street” Gilliam Jr. of Tennessee State
University suffered a similar fate. After leading the Pittsburgh
Steelers to a record of 4-1-1 in at the start of the 1974 season, he
was benched in favor of Terry Bradshaw. Despite the early success
of Black quarterbacks, there was still the perception among some NFL
owners that African-Americans, in the words of former baseball
executive Al Campanis, “lacked the [intellectual] necessities” to play
such a coveted position. Doug Williams ended that nonsense for
good when, though injured, he threw four touchdown passes in one
quarter, leading the Washington Redskins to a come-from-behind victory
in the 1988 Super Bowl. Now, no one doubts the physical or
intellectual ability of Black quarterbacks. They are among the marquee
names in the NFL. In addition to McNabb and Stewart, they include:
Daunte Culpepper of the Minnesota Vikings, Steve McNair of the
Tennessee Titans, Michael Vick of the Atlanta Falcons and Aaron Brooks
of the New Orleans Saints. Even Brooks’ backup, Jeff Blake, is Black. With
nearly half of the 31 NFL teams using a Black quarterback at starting
or in backup roles, I thought I could finally relax and root for a team
simply because I admire their wide-open offense, like the St. Louis
Rams, or daunting defense, like the Baltimore Ravens. But the
NFL threw me for a loop by doing what other pro sports had done years
ago—hiring Black coaches. Bill Russell became head coach of the NBA’s
Boston Celtics in 1966. Frank Robinson led the way in baseball in
1975—28 years after Jackie Robinson broke the color barrier as a player. In
a game where almost 70 percent of the players are African-Americans,
the NFL didn’t hire its first Black head coach until the Oakland
Raiders elevated its offensive line coach and former All-Pro lineman
Art Shell in 1989 (Fritz Pollard served as a player coach in 1923 to a
forerunner team of the NFL). Shell served until 1995, the same year the
Philadelphia Eagles hired Ray Rhodes as its head coach. Last
year, there were three Black head coaches in the NFL: Tony Dungy at
Tampa Bay; Herman Edwards, a Dungy protégée, at the New York Jets; and
Dennis Green in Minnesota. Before he was fired at the end of this
season, Green made it impossible not to root for the Vikings. As head
coach, Green had a Black quarterback (Culpepper), a Black offensive
coordinator (Sherman Lewis) and a Black defensive coordinator (Emmit
Thomas). Still, there were questions: Does one pull for the White coach
who has a Black quarterback? A Black coach who has a White quarterback? Now,
there is yet another wrinkle. With Tony Dungy moving from Tampa Bay to
take over the Indianapolis Colts, African-Americans sports figures are
dominating a state that was once a breeding ground for the Ku Klux
Klan. Isiah Thomas is coach of the Indiana Pacers, Tyrone Willingham is
the new head football coach at Notre Dame, Mike Davis is head of an
Indiana University basketball team once coached by Bobby Knight and
Sharon Clark is the head volleyball coach at Butler University. How does one root for a state?
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