There is undeniable evidence that African-Americans have made
impressive progress in Corporate America. Kenneth Chenault is chairman
and CEO of American Express. Richard Parsons is chairman and CEO of AOL
Time Warner. E. Stanley O’Neal holds a similar title at Merrill Lynch
& Co. Aylwin Lewis is president and CEO of Kmart. Ann M. Fudge
holds the same titles at Young & Rubicam Brands. A report
just released by the Executive Leadership Council in Washington, D.C.
offers more encouraging news. According to its findings,
African-Americans now hold 8.1 percent of the board seats on Fortune
500 companies. What that means on an individual level is that
some African-Americans are finally being allowed to advance to a level
commensurate with their talent. Collectively, it means that young Black
kids can now model their lives and careers after Black corporate
superstars rather than professional athletes and entertainers. As much progress as we’ve made in this area, there is still plenty of room for growth. While
it is impressive that Blacks hold 8.1 percent of the board seats on
Fortune 500 companies, that’s about double the African-American
representation in the executive suite. In other words, it’s twice as
easy to be an outsider elected to set policy for a Fortune 500 firm
than it is for a Black to rise to the top from within the company. A
1995 report by the federal Glass Ceiling Commission observed, “At the
highest levels of business, there is indeed a barrier only rarely
penetrated by women or persons of color. Consider: 97 % of the senior
managers of Fortune 1000 industrial and Fortune 500 companies are
white; 95 to 97 % are male. In Fortune 2000 industrial and service
companies, 5 % of senior managers are women – and of that 5 percent,
virtually all are white.” The Glass Ceiling report observes,
“…The world at the top of the corporate hierarchy does not yet look
anything like America. Two-thirds of our population, and 57 percent of
the working population, is female, or minorities, or both.” The
commission projects that this year, people of color and women will make
up 62 percent of the workforce. U.S. Census Bureau projections
show that over the next 50 years, the U.S. population will grow by 50
percent, with 90 percent of that growth occurring among people of color
while the White population increases by only 7.4 percent. Given these
dramatic changes in the population and the workforce, White males can’t
continue to enjoy the virtual monopoly they’ve held on the top jobs in
Corporate America. The Executive Leadership Council represents
African-Americans at the senior level in corporations, two or three
rungs below the CEO. What is striking about its inaugural report on
Black board directorships is that while 67 percent of the Fortune 500
companies have at least one Black on their board, a third – 33 percent
– have no African-American directors. There are 5,572 total
board seats for Fortune 500 companies. Of those, 449 or 8.1 per cent
are held by African-Americans. Black men hold more than three times as
many seats than African-American women. Black men hold 344 of the total
board seats, or 6.2 percent, and Black women hold only 105, or 1.9
percent. Interestingly, there was a major difference between the
top 100 members of the Fortune 500 and the bottom 100. Of the top 100
companies on the Fortune 500 list, Blacks held 10.9 percent of the
seats. For the 100 at the bottom of the list, Blacks were only 0.6
percent of their directors. What was surprising was the number of
firms that have no Black directors yet expect African-Americans to
continue supporting their products. They include: Safeway, Inc., Intel
Corp., Kmart Holding Corp., Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Co.,
Lehman Brothers Holdings, Inc., Rite Aid Corp., Qwest Communications
International, Humana, Inc., Whirlpool, Capitol One Financial Corp.,
Centex Corp., Pulte Homes, Guardian Life Insurance Co. of America,
American Standard Cos., Boise Cascade Corp., Newell Rubbermaid, Inc.,
the First American Corp., Apple Computer, Land O’Lakes, Southwest
Airline Co., N.C.R. Corp., Barnes & Noble, Mattel, Maytag Corp.,
Caesars Entertainment, Dole Food Co., Goodrich Corp., Jones Apparel
Group, Levi Strauss & Co., Starwood Hotels & Resorts Worldwide,
Ross Stores, Host Marriott Corp., and Gateway. If those
companies don’t think enough of us to have an African-American on their
board of directors, we should think enough of ourselves not to spend
our money with them. And we should let them know why we’re taking our
business elsewhere.
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